Abstract Secretion systems play a crucial role in microbe-microbe or host-microbe interactions.Among these systems, the extracellular contractile injection system (eCIS) is a unique bacterial and archaeal extracellular secretion system that injects protein toxins into target organisms.However, the specific proteins that eCISs inject into Logger Car

Recently, the method of micro fabrication has been important in the field of manufacturing, and a demand on microfabrication has been increasing for a new micro functional devices such as photonic crystals.In this research, we propose a new method of microfabrication using a metal ion solution, a conversing laser and photocatalyst nano-particles.Wh

The mechanism and action of a new retractable barbneedle for drug darts are described.This dart needle is particularly successful in obviating unnecessary flight reactions andtrauma in darted animals, and Bleach facilitates the complete injection of the drug dose before the barb is retracted and the dart is dislogded from the animal.The whole proce

Disseminated cryptococcosis is one of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome defining criteria and the most common cause of life threatening meningitis.Disseminated lesions in the Polo Shirts skin manifest as papules or nodules that mimic molluscum contagiosum (MC).We report here Selvbruner a human immunodeficiency virus positive patient who prese